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Body Mass Index, commonly known as BMI, is a simple method used to estimate whether a person has a healthy body weight for their height. It is widely used by doctors and health experts as a quick indicator of weight-related health risks. The BMI value is calculated using a very easy formula: weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters. Even though it does not directly measure body fat, it helps to categorize individuals into groups such as underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese.
Being underweight can mean the body is not getting enough nutrients to stay healthy and strong. When weight is too low, the immune system becomes weaker, which makes infections more common. It can also lead to constant tiredness, hair loss, poor skin health, and weak bones due to lack of essential vitamins and minerals. In some cases, being underweight can affect hormone balance and cause fertility problems. Overall, it may reduce the body’s ability to function at its best and handle everyday physical and mental tasks.
Being overweight places extra stress on the body and increases the risk of many health conditions. Excess body fat can lead to heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, joint pain, breathing difficulties, and certain types of cancer. It may also cause sleep problems and reduce overall mobility. Additionally, people who are overweight often struggle with low confidence and emotional stress. Over time, being overweight can negatively impact both physical health and quality of life.
Keeping your BMI within the healthy range supports better physical strength, improved energy levels, and a stronger immune system. It helps the heart, bones, and muscles function properly, and reduces the risk of long-term diseases like diabetes and hypertension. A healthy BMI is also linked to better sleep, balanced mood, and an overall more active and confident lifestyle. Maintaining a healthy weight supports longer and happier living.
BMI is widely used because it is quick, simple, and does not require any special equipment. It helps identify potential weight-related health issues early, making it useful for large-scale health checks and personal monitoring. However, BMI does have limitations because it does not distinguish between muscle and fat. For example, athletes may show a high BMI even if they have low body fat. It also may not be fully accurate for children, older adults, or pregnant women. Therefore, BMI should be seen as a helpful starting point, but not the only measure of health.